What does it do?
Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid (protein
building block) in the body and is involved in more metabolic processes than any other amino
acid. Glutamine is converted to glucose when more glucose is required by the body as an energy
source. It serves as a source of fuel for cells lining the intestines. Without it, these cells
waste away. It is also used by white blood cells and is important for immune function.
In animal research, glutamine has anti-inflammatory effects. Glutamine in combination with
N-acetyl cysteine promotes the synthesis of glutathione, a naturally occurring antioxidant that is believed to be protective in people with HIV infection.1 Evidence indicates that
intravenous glutamine supplementation increases the survival rate of critically ill
people.2
Glutamine has been used in
connection with the following conditions (refer to the individual
health concern for complete information):
Who is likely to be deficient?
Few healthy people are glutamine deficient, in part because the body makes its own. During
fasting, starvation, cirrhosis, critical
illnesses in general, and weight loss associated with
AIDS and cancer, however, deficiencies often
develop.
How much is usually taken?
Healthy people do not need to supplement with glutamine. A physician should be consulted
for the supplemental use of glutamine for the support of serious health conditions.
Are there any side effects or interactions?
No significant side effects have been reported in glutamine studies.
Are there any drug
interactions?
Certain medicines may interact with glutamine. Refer to drug interactions for a list of those medicines.
References
1. Robinson MK, Hong RW, Wilmore DW. Glutathione deficiency and HIV
infection. Lancet 1992;339:1603-4.
2. Griffiths RD. Outcome of critically ill patients after supplementation
with glutamine. Nutrition 1997;13:752-4.
Copyright © 2004 Healthnotes, Inc. All rights reserved.
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The information presented in Healthnotes is for informational
purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro),
clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may
not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with
prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor,
practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or
before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires March 2005.
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